Developed by Bharat Biotech in partnership with the National Institute of Virology of the Indian Council of Medical Research, Covaxin (codenamed BBV152) is a whole inactivated virus-based COVID-19 vaccine.
Efficacy Rate
Covaxin has an overall efficacy rate of 81%, as per the clinical trial data from phase 3 trials. The vaccine is effective in preventing hospitalisation and severe disease. The efficacy rate of Covaxin was found to be 78% in people who received the total dose of the vaccine, whereas those who received a single dose had an efficacy rate of 60%.
Safety
Data from a Phase 2 trial showed that the vaccine was safe and well-tolerated and induced a robust immune response in most participants. However, the company still needs to release detailed data from the Phase 3 trial, which has caused some experts to question the validity of the efficacy rate.
Covaxin, like all vaccines, may not provide 100% protection against the virus, and individuals may still contract COVID-19 even after being fully vaccinated. However, the vaccine can help reduce symptoms' severity, prevent hospitalisation and reduce the risk of death from COVID-19.
The vaccine's efficacy rate was calculated based on a small sample size, and more data is needed to confirm the vaccine's long-term effectiveness. The vaccine's efficacy rate may also vary in different populations and circumstances. Moreover, the vaccine's efficacy in real-world conditions may differ from the clinical trial results. As with any vaccine, Covaxin's efficacy may change over time as more data is collected and studied.
Overall, Covaxin is a promising vaccine with a high efficacy rate and no major safety concerns. However, more data is needed to confirm the vaccine's long-term effectiveness and ability to protect against different virus variants.
Biological E's Corbevax is a COVID-19 vaccine currently in Phase III of clinical trials. The vaccine is an inactivated, whole-virus vaccine that uses a killed version of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Immune Response
In preclinical studies, Corbevax has been shown to elicit strong immune responses, including the production of neutralising antibodies and T-cell responses. Neutralising antibodies are essential for preventing the virus from entering and infecting cells, while T-cell responses help to clear infected cells. This suggests that Corbevax may effectively prevent symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 infections.
Clinical Trials
Corbevax is currently in Phase III clinical trials in India. These trials will provide essential information on the vaccine's safety and efficacy in humans. The Phase III trials will involve thousands of participants and provide a more accurate picture of how well the vaccine works in a real-world setting. The company has announced that the Phase II results have shown that the vaccine was well tolerated and generated a robust immune response.
Efficacy rate
As of now, the efficacy rate of Corbevax is not yet known. However, the company has announced that the Phase II results have shown that the vaccine was well tolerated and generated a robust immune response.
Storage and distribution
Corbevax is a thermostable vaccine which can be stored at room temperature, making it easier to distribute and store in countries with limited cold chain capabilities. This is essential for ensuring that the vaccine reaches remote and under-served areas.
Cost-effective
The company aims to keep the cost of Corbevax low, making it accessible to most of the population. This is essential to ensure that the vaccine is widely available and can reach the most vulnerable.
Safety
The safety profile of Corbevax will be closely monitored throughout the clinical trials. The company has announced that the Phase II results have shown that the vaccine was well tolerated. However, the Phase III trials will provide more information on the vaccine's safety in a larger population.
Overall, Corbevax is a promising COVID-19 vaccine candidate with strong immune responses in preclinical studies and is currently being tested in Phase III clinical trials. The results of these trials will provide essential information on the vaccine's safety and efficacy in humans. They will help determine whether Corbevax is an effective tool for preventing COVID-19 infections.
Sputnik V is a COVID-19 vaccine developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Russia. It is a two-dose, adenovirus-based vaccine that uses a live but weakened version of the adenovirus to deliver the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to the body.
Efficacy
Clinical trials have shown that Sputnik V is highly effective at preventing COVID-19. According to data released by the Gamaleya Research Institute, the vaccine has an overall efficacy of 91.6%, with no severe side effects reported. This level of efficacy is similar to that of other vaccines that have been authorised for emergency use.
Effectiveness in different age groups
The vaccine was found to be effective in all age groups, with no significant difference in efficacy between older and younger individuals.
Effectiveness against different variants
Sputnik V is effective against the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 and several of the variants that have emerged, including the UK, South Africa, and Brazilian variants. Gamaleya Research Institute has reported that the vaccine has an efficacy of over 90% against all of these variants.
Safety
The vaccine is safe, with no severe side effects reported. The most common side effects reported were pain at the injection site, fever, and fatigue. These side effects are similar to those reported with other COVID-19 vaccines.
Overall, Sputnik V has shown to be an effective and safe vaccine against COVID-19. Its efficacy of 91.6% is similar to that of other authorised vaccines and is effective against several virus variants.
Covishield, also known as the AstraZeneca-Oxford COVID-19 vaccine, is a viral vector developed by the University of Oxford and AstraZeneca. The vaccine uses a harmless virus (adenovirus) to deliver a piece of genetic material from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, into the body. This triggers an immune response, which can protect against the actual virus if a person is exposed to it.
Efficacy
The overall efficacy of the Covishield vaccine is around 70-90% in clinical trials, with higher efficacy rates seen in younger age groups and lower rates seen in older age groups. However, it should be noted that the data is still under analysis and the overall efficacy is still under observation.
Safety
The safety profile of the Covishield vaccine is generally good, with most side effects being mild and short-lived. Common side effects include pain and swelling at the injection site, fatigue, headache, muscle aches, and fever. These side effects usually resolve within a few days and are a sign that the immune system is responding to the vaccine.
Efficacy against Variants
The Covishield vaccine is effective against the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 and against the B.1.351 (South Africa) and P.1 (Brazil) variants. However, the vaccine's efficacy against the B.1.1.7 (UK) variant is reduced, but it still provides a good level of protection. Research and trial are ongoing to check the efficacy against other variants.
Dose regimen
The Covishield vaccine is given as a two-dose regimen, with the second dose administered 4-12 weeks after the first. This two-dose regimen is highly effective in protecting against COVID-19.
Storage
Covishield is a highly temperature-sensitive vaccine that should be stored between 2 to 8 degrees Celsius. Any exposure to temperatures above 8 degrees Celsius can cause degradation of the vaccine.
Overall, the Covishield vaccine is a safe and effective way to protect against COVID-19. The vaccine effectively prevents severe illness and death from the virus. The vaccine is also effective against known variants, and research is ongoing to test its effectiveness against new variants.
What is the Pfizer efficacy rate after the first dose?
According to Israeli researchers, a single dosage lowered the likelihood of infection by up to 85% four weeks following the shot compared to individuals who had not had it.
In another investigation, infections that occurred in the first 12 days following vaccination—when one would not anticipate the vaccine to have had time to produce protective antibodies—were included in the 52% protection from the first dose.
Early in 2021, Public Health England conducted a real-world trial of persons aged 70 and older and found that a single dose of the Pfizer vaccine was 61% effective at avoiding symptomatic illness 28 days after immunisation.
Does the heart rate increase after the vaccine?
Short-term changes in heart rate variability (HRV), more specifically in the root mean square of successive differences between the normal heartbeats (RMSSD) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are described in the findings of a new systematic review published in the MDPI journal Vaccines. But three days following immunisation, transient HRV characteristics abnormalities returned to normal.
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